林农合作组织建设和发展中的博弈行为分析

Game Behavior Analysis about Construction and Development of Forestry Cooperation Organization

我国开展集体林权制度改革以来,林农合作组织的建设和健康发展是亟待解决的重要问题,而合作组织的建设和发展过程实质上是一个博弈过程。本文在充分考虑林农合作特点的基础上构建了个体对群体的两阶段博弈模型,分析了林农合作组织形成和发展中的博弈行为。研究发现,由于各参与方的理性程度不同、林业收益长期性和林业生产的外部性明显,只有保证林农的长期收益、提高对长期收益的认可程度,更要保证林农的当期收益时,合作才能形成,此外,林业的外部性问题是影响合作形成与发展的重要因素。因此,应丰富合作的内容和形式以确保林农的当期收益;加强对林农大户的培训,提高合作组织规范管理的水平;同时加强宣传以提高对长期收益的认可程度,从而提高长期收益;搭便车现象难以避免但应正确对待;各种能降低风险的措施均有利于合作。此外,在合作组织发展的起步阶段,政府是重要的推动力量,应提高政策支持和监督的力度。

Construction and healthy development of forestry cooperation organization is a burning question since collective forest tenure reform in China, and it is a game process substantially. A 2-phases game model between individual and colony was build to analyze game behavior in the construction and development process of forestry cooperation organization. The results showed that： since player＇s rationality is different, the external effects in forestry production are pronounced and the harvest takes a long term, the cooperation should be formed based on not only improving the long-term profit and raising the public awareness but ensuring the immediate profit. Besides,external effect is an important factor to influence the cooperation. The paper gives suggestions on the construction and development of forestry cooperation organization. The cooperative content and form should be diversified to ensure farmer＇ s immediate profit, more precisely, training the large forestry and farming households to raise the management level, and giving more publicity to the long-term awareness so as to increase long-term benefit. We must face up to the phenomenon of hitchhike which is difficult to avoid. All measures to reduce risk will propitious to cooperation. During the beginning phase of cooperation, government is an driving force, and policy support and government supervision should be strengthened.