英国城市绿化带土地利用及其对中国的启示——以斯佩尔索恩(Spelthorne)区为例

Land Use in Green Belts in the United Kingdom and Its Implications for China: A Case Study of Spelthorne Borough in the Suburbs of London

绿化带被认为是英国城乡规划的核心元素之一,其在控制城市增长和保护乡村景观方面起着非常重要的作用。土地利用是绿化带政策关注的主要内容。该文首先简要介绍了英国绿化带的功能和范围;然后剖析了英国的规划系统。由于区级(相当于中国的乡镇级)规划在英国的土地利用和绿化带保护中占有重要的地位,因此,该文以位于伦敦绿化带中的斯佩尔索恩区为例,从房屋建设地点的选择、房屋建设活动与周围环境的协调及乡村土地利用等方面介绍了英国绿化带中有关土地利用方面的政策和经验。最后,讨论了英国绿化带政策对中国大城市区土地利用的启示。

The policy of Green Belts is regarded as a core element of England plans,which holds an important position in the system of town and country planning in the United Kingdom.The policy plays a key role in controlling urban expansion and protecting the countryside landscape.Land use is one of key contents of the policy of Green Belts.This article firstly introduces the functions and the extent of Green Belts.Then,the planning system of the United Kingdom is explained,among which local plan plays a very important role in land use and the protection of Green Belts.So,taking Spelthorne borough as an example that neighbours the Greater London,this paper examines the land use of Green Belts from four aspects： the selection of housing sites,the coordination of construction activities,the countryside environment and the land use in rural areas.Lastly,the implications derived from the Green Belts land use in the United Kingdom are discussed,which may be helpful for land use of metropolitan areas in China.