博士生压力状况及其与人格关系

Relationship between stress and personality among doctor students

目的了解博士生压力状况及其与人格的关系,为采取相应干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用简单随机抽样与方便抽样相结合的方法对在苏州、济南、上海抽取的5所高校共119名博士生进行问卷调查。结果博士生总体压力得分为(2.77±0.59)分,学业压力、经济压力、人际交往压力、婚恋压力和就业压力得分分别为(2.96±1.02)(、2.30±0.74)(、2.66±0.95)(、2.99±0.83)和(3.10±0.77)分,博士生不同压力得分间差异有统计学意义(F=34.00,P=0.000);不同特征博士生各压力得分比较,不同年级博士生学业压力得分不同,不同婚姻状况博士生经济压力和婚恋压力得分不同,不同学费类型博士生学业压力和总体压力得分不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);博士生适应性、社交性、开放性、利他性和道德感得分分别为(55.21±10.68)(、50.78±5.64)(、44.92±7.14)(、56.03±8.73)和(56.00±6.61)分;相关分析结果表明,博士生学业压力与适应性呈负相关关系(r=-0.26,P<0.01),人际压力与适应性、社交性、开放性、利他性和道德感均呈负相关关系(P<0.05),婚恋压力与社交性呈负相关关系(r=-0.04,P<0.05),总体压力与适应性、社交性均呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论博士生婚恋压力最大,其他压力依次为学业压力、经济压力、就业压力和人际压力;学业压力、人际压力、婚恋压力和总体压力与不同人格维度相关。

Objective To explore the situation of stress and its relationship with personality among doctor students.Methods Totally 119 students were selected from 5 cities and asked to fill in questionnaires of stress and personality with simple random and convenience sampling.Results There were significant differences among the five dimensions（F=34.002,P=0.000）.Unmarried doctor＇s romantic pressure was significantly higher than the married;the total and study pressure of doctors studying at their own expenses were significantly higher than those at public expense（F1=6.899,p1=0.000;F2=1.916,p2=0.002）.The grade had significant effect on the stress in the students（F=1.753,P= 0.184）.The relevances among all dimensions of personality and pressure were not consistent.Conclusion Among doctor students,the stress of marriage is the most serious,followed by the schoolwork stress,economic stress and the employment stress,and the intepersonal relation stress is the mildest.Marital status,at one＇s own expense or at public expense,and grade affect the stress at different extent.There are various effects of stress on different dimensions of personality.