汶川地震灾区中学生焦虑状况调查

Anxiety status among high school students after Wenchuan earthquake

目的了解汶川地震18个月后灾区中学生焦虑情绪发生状况。方法抽取地震灾区3所中学初一、初二、高一、高二年级学生共2 729人,采用青少年焦虑情绪障碍筛查表进行问卷调查。结果 44.6%的中学生存在焦虑情绪;女生焦虑情绪发生比例高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=52.163,P<0.001);灾区中学生总体焦虑水平高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(t=9.324、14.695,P均<0.001);高中生广泛性焦虑得分高于初中生,高二学生社交恐怖得分高于其他年级学生;具有地震相关经历的学生焦虑情绪发生比例高于对照组(χ2=20.419、5.155、5.994、38.5141、7.302,P<0.05或0.001)。结论震后18个月,灾区中学生普遍存在焦虑情绪,应重点关注女生、高中年级及具有地震相关经历的学生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety related emotional disorders among high school students one and a half years after the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake.Methods We surveyed 2 729 grade one or grade two students from three high schools in the disaster stricken areas using the 41-item version of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders（SCARED） scale.Results The prevalence of anxiety related emotional disorders among the students was 44.6%.Girls reported a significantly higher prevalence than boys（χ2=52.163,P〈0.001）.The total anxiety level of students in earthquake stricken areas was higher than that of the norms of Chinese urban children（t=9.324,14.695,P〈0.001）.The comparison between different grades showed that generalized anxiety factor score in senior high school students was higher than that of the junior students and that the students of grade two of senior high school had the highest social phobia anxiety score.Students who had experienced earthquake related events showed a higher anxiety prevalence than those who didn＇t（χ2=20.419,5.155,5.994,38.514,17.302;P0.05 or 0.001）.Conclusion Students in earthquake stricken areas had universal anxiety related emotional disorders one and a half years after the disaster.More attention should be paid on girls,high grade students and those with earthquake related event experiences.