免疫耐受标志物在器官移植中的研究进展

Immune tolerance biomarkers in organ transplantation

尽管器官移植在过去的50余年中取得了明显进步，但免疫抑制剂应用带来的相关不良反应是影响移植受体长期存活的因素之一，免疫耐受是解决这一问题的关键。近年来，临床上发现部分器官移植受体发生了临床免疫耐受。研究发现，外周血中调节性T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞数量和部分基因表达在肾移植免疫耐受者有明显差异；外周血中调节性T淋巴细胞、树突状细胞、γδTCR＊T淋巴细胞数量和部分基因表达在肝移植免疫耐受者有明显差异，提示上述指标作为器官移植免疫耐受标志物的潜在价值。MicroRNA由于其在免疫系统中的重要作用，初步研究提示其可作为潜在的免疫耐受标志物。

Although the organ transplantation had a rapid development in the last 50 years due to the immunosuppression application, the side effect of the immunosppression is one factor affecting the recipient＇ s long term survival. Immune tolerance induction can solve this problem. Some studies had found a few operational tolerance organ recipients in clinical practice. The regulatory T cells and some gene＇ s expression in the peripheral blood can be used as the potential immune tolerance biomarkers in the operational tolerance kidney and liver recipient. The dentritic ceils, and the γδTCR＊T cells＇ number differences were also found in the operational tolerance liver recipient, and B lymphocyte number difference was also found in the peripheral blood of the operational tolerance kidney recipient. All these markers may be the potential biomarker of immune tolerance. As the important role of MicroRNA in the immune system, it may also be the potential immune tolerance biomarker of the organ transplantation.