论章学诚的文学性小说批评

The Novel Criticism of Literary Fiction by Zhang Xuecheng

本文分析了章学诚三点小说批评理论:一是"历三变而尽失古人之源流"的小说概念分类,把"小说"概念分为学术性目录学上的小说和通俗娱乐的文学性小说,并认为后者是前者发展之末流(最后阶段)。这种分法非常准确地揭示了中国文学性小说的发展演变。二是在小说评论中带有"凡涉著作之林,皆为史学"的实证史学的烙印,清晰体现了其文史互证之文学批评原则;三是认为小说创作中应坚持"虚实分明论",即允许虚构,但不可违背伦理和历史真相,以免造成"学术不明,而人心风俗或因之而受其敝"。

In this paper,three novel criticism theories of Zhang Xuecheng are been analysised simply.Firstly,it is a novel classification concept that ＂The Ancient origin and development are all changed by the trio-transformations in novel＂.Not only divided the fiction concept on the scholarly bibliography and popular entertainment literary,but also thought that the latter is the final development stage of the former.This classification reveals the development and the evolution of Chinese literary Fiction very accurately.Secondly,it reflects the literary criticism principle of mutual verification between literature and history clearly with the empirical historiography imprint of ＂all works are history ＂in his novel criticism.Thirdly,He believes that novel creation should adhere to ＂make a clear distinction between makeup and reality＂.Namely,makeup are permitted if the ethical and historical truth are not been violated.So as to avoid ＂people＇s thought and public customs are blinded by the indeterminate academic.