菌渣和牛粪联合堆肥中的氮素转化研究

Nitrogen Transformation in Composting of Spent Mushroom Dreg and Cow Manure

以食用菌渣和牛粪为主要原料进行堆肥试验,研究不同原料比例、腐熟堆肥和外源菌剂的添加对食用菌渣堆肥中各种形态氮素转化的影响.结果表明,随着堆肥的进行,各处理铵态氮呈现先增加后减少的趋势,而硝态氮的变化趋势与之相反.堆肥结束时,铵态氮的下降幅度随菌渣含量减少而减小,硝态氮的增加幅度随菌渣含量增加而增大.有机氮变化与总氮变化趋势大致相同,随菌渣比例增加,有机氮与总氮损失增大.与无添加剂的处理相比,堆肥结束时添加腐熟堆肥和纤维素降解菌的处理有机氮分别增加了35%和47%,总氮分别增加了28%和41%,表明腐熟堆肥和纤维素降解菌剂能够增加食用菌渣堆肥的有机氮含量,具有一定的氮素固持作用.

The composting experiment was conducted using spent mushroom dreg and cow dung.Its object was to investigate the effect of the different raw material proportions and two kinds of amendment of matured compost and composite cellulose-degrading microbe on nitrogen transformation during spent mushroom dreg composting.The samples were taken for the determination of the nitrogen morphology in the different composting stages.The results showed that the NH4-N content in all samples increased in the primary period,then decreased in the decomposed period of composting.While the content of NO3-N had the opposite trend with the NH4-N content.At the end of composting,the NH4-N content declined significantly with spent mushroom dreg increasing,but the NO3-N content increased obviously with spent mushroom dreg increasing.Both organic nitrogen and total nitrogen decreased significantly with spent mushroom dreg increasing.The organic nitrogen increased by 35% and 47%,respectively,in the treatments with matured compost and composite cellulose-degrading microbe.Meanwhile,the total nitrogen increased by 28% and 41%,respectively.These results demonstrated that the inoculation of microbe would be beneficial to the formation of the organic nirogen in the mushroom dreg composting.