精神发育迟滞伴行为障碍患者的安全问题及管理对策

Safety problems and management of patients with mental retardation and behavior disorders

目的探讨精神发育迟滞伴行为障碍患者住院期间存在的安全问题,为护理干预提供可靠依据。方法选择2008年8月至2010年3月收治的精神发育迟滞伴行为障碍患者165例为研究对象,对患者出现的安全问题进行分析、整理、总结。结果存在攻击他人的患者60例,占36.36%;出走33例,占20.00%;毁物28例,占16.97%;饮食障碍26例,占15.76%;自伤18例,占10.91%。结论针对精神发育迟滞伴行为障碍患者主要存在攻击他人、出走、毁物、饮食障碍、自伤的问题制订相关措施,建立评估系统及干预措施,制订安全、有效、可行的安全管理措施,进而确保护理安全。

Objective To explore the safety prablems of patients with mental retardation and behavior disorders during hospitalization so as to provide reliable evidences for nursing intervention. Methods From August 21308 to March 2010,a total of 165 patients with mental retatrlation and behavior disorders were recruited ,and their safety problems were analyzed,organized,and summarized. Results Sixty cases （ 36. 36% ） had aggressive behaviors ,33 cases （20. 00% ） with fleeing problems ,28 eases （ 16. 97% ） with destructing things behaviors,26 cases （15.76%） with eating disorders,and 18 cases （ 10.91% ） with self - injury behaviors. Conclusion The rrninly problero of patients with mental retardation and behavior disorders are aggiessive behaviors,fleeing,deslructing things,eating di^rders and self- injury. So it is necessary to establish relevance measures,develop assessment systems and intervention systems,and set up safe,effective and feasible msangement measures to make sure the nursing safety.