新疆乌鲁木齐市296名孕产妇对PMTCT相关KAP调查

Investigation on KAP of 296 pregnant women for prevention of PMTCT in Urumqi

目的 了解新疆乌鲁木齐市孕产妇对预防艾滋病母婴传播（prevention of mother - to - child transmission of HIV PMTCT）的KAP（知识、认知、态度和行为）,为在该人群中采取切实可行的AIDS干预措施提供依据.方法 采用自行设计的问卷,自2010年6月-2010年11月在乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院产科门诊接受产前保健和产后随访的孕产妇中,按照知情同意的原则对自愿参加本研究者进行调查.共调查孕产妇320名,收回问卷308名,有效问卷为296份,有效率92.5％.结果 151名孕妇和145名产妇对PMTCT认识程度不一.孕产妇对艾滋病母婴传播途径的知晓率在67.9％、42.4％、59.8％、62.6％；对怀孕后HIV抗体检测意义的知晓率为60.8％；对婴儿阻断随访的意义的正确回答相对较低,分别为23.5％、32.9％、48.0％；国家对阳性孕产妇分娩补助、“四免一关怀”政策的知晓率相对较低,分别为30.7％、31.5％、44.4％；50.7％的调查对象认为HIV阳性者应该禁止结婚生育；60.2％的认为HIV阳性的孕妇应该流产；28.0％的调查对象允许自己的孩子和艾滋病感染的孩子一起玩；不同民族孕妇PMTCT相关行为的比较均有显著性（P＜0.05）.结论 新疆乌鲁木齐市孕产妇对PMTCT工作的内容了解不够深,对艾滋病母婴传播的知识以及国家相关法律法规和政策的了解不足,应在各级各类妇幼保健机构中加强宣传PMTCT工作的内容及艾滋病母婴传播相关知识,在孕产妇就诊时主动介绍艾滋病相关知识,加强对艾滋病母婴传播知识的教育,提高孕前咨询和检测率,减少艾滋病母婴传播的发生率.

Objective To explore KAP of pregnant women for prevention of PMTCT in Urumqi and provide the basis for AIDS intervention measures.Methods Self- designed questionnaires were used for 320 pregnant women,the number of taken back questionnaires was 308,the effective rate was 92.5%.Results Pregnant women＇s awareness rates about PMTCT were different; the awareness rate of HIV antibody detection meaning was 60.8% after pregnancy; the awareness rate of our country policies were low; there were significant difference among different nations＇pregnant women about PMTCT.Conclusions We should strength publicity of PMTCT,actively introduce the knowledge of AIDS when the pregnant women came to the hospital,strength the education on the knowledge of mother - to - child transmission of HIV,raise the counseling and detection before conception,reduce the occurrence rate of mother - to - child transmission of HIV.