云南省陇川县HIV单阳夫妻流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of HIV discordant couples in Longchuan county,Yunnan province

目的:了解云南省陇川县HIV单阳夫妻艾滋病流行病学特征。方法:于2009年6-8月对HIV单阳夫妻进行问卷调查,对HIV感染者进行CD4+T淋巴细胞计数检测。结果:截止2009年9月,陇川县共有HIV单阳夫妻440对,其中299对(68%)参加本次调查。HIV感染者年龄平均为37.36±8.78岁;HIV阴性配偶的平均年龄为35.92±9.63岁;多为少数民族、农民、小学文化程度。279对(93.31%)夫妻有子女。56.52%的HIV感染者和3.01%的HIV阴性配偶有吸毒史。所有HIV阴性配偶均知道其HIV阳性配偶的HIV感染状态。在知晓夫妻一方感染了HIV后,夫妻性行为频率减少或不再发生性行为的有144对(48.16%)。有274对(91.64%)夫妻在性行为中增加了安全套使用。40.47%的HIV感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数低于350个/μL。结论:陇川县HIV单阳夫妻中HIV感染状态知晓率高,其中近半数夫妻能减少夫妻性行为频率并增加安全套使用率。但仍有部分对象吸毒、夫妻间性行为频率较高且不能坚持使用安全套,需进一步加强相关行为干预,并对符合条件者及时纳入抗病毒治疗。

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of HIV discordant couples in Longchuan county,Yunnan province.Methods A questionnaire interview was administered to all HIV discordant couples in Longchaun county during June to August,2009CD4＋ T-cell counting was performed for all HIV-infected participants.Results By September 2009,a total of 440 HIV discordant couples had been identified in Longchuan countyAmong them,299（68%） HIV discordant couples participated in this surveyThe average age was 37.36±8.78 years for HIV positive spouses and 35.92±9.63 years for HIV negative spousesThe majority of them were ethnic minorities,farmers,and primary school educational background279（93.31%） couples had childrenAbout 56.52% of HIV positive spouses and 3.01% of HIV negative spouses had used drugsAll HIV negative spouses knew their HIV positive spouse＇s HIV infection statusAfter knowing HIV infection status,nearly a half（48.16%） of the HIV discordant couples reduced or stopped sexual actsCondom use was also increased among 274 couples（91.64%）About 40.47% of HIV positive spouses had CD4＋ T-cell counts less than 350/μL.Conclusion Disclosure of HIV infection status was observed among all HIV discordant couples in Longchuan countyAbout a half of the couples reduced sexual acts and increased condom useNevertheless,there were still some discordant couples who used drugs,maintained frequent sexual acts without consistent condom use,which calls for enhanced and targeted behavioral interventionsAntiretroviral treatment（ART） is needed for those meeting the entry criteria for ART