中国水土重金属污染的防治对策

Countermeasures for water and soil heavy metal pollution in China

目前我国水土重金属污染的形势严重.现行执法的依据《污水综合排放标准》体现了对持久蓄积性污染物实行封闭零排放的原则精神.但目前从水质的监测评价到污染物的削减控制过程中,存在着一系列背离和混淆二类污染物排放标准和控制要求的问题.为扭转当前我国水土重金属严重污染,首要的应从端正环境保护系统的技术路线开始,并阐述了其技术要点;同时还提出对5种重点重金属实施独立的环境保护立法,才能保证源头严控超量排放技术路线的实施.

The water and soil heavy metal pollution is very serious in China.The integrated wastewater discharge standard is the legal basis for water environment management reflecting the principle of zero discharge for the persistent accumulative pollutants.But from water quality monitoring and evaluation to pollutant cut,there exists a series of problems of violation and confusion of the discharge standards and control requests for the two types of pollutants in the standard.To control the water and soil heavy metal pollution,the technical routes of the environmental protection system should be corrected and the technical details were given in this paper.It also put forward that the independent laws should be enacted perceptively for the 5 key heavy metals to ensure implementation of the technical route of source control of excessive discharge.