安徽烟草病毒病发生与防治研究

STUDIES ON OCCURRENCE AND CONTROL OF TOBACCO VIRUS DISEASE IN ANHUI

1981—1986年作者就安徽省烟草病毒病发生为害、流行动态、病毒种类、防治机理和技术作了较系统研究。从552个烟草病毒材料中分离出CMV、TMV、PVY和PVX 4种病毒,证实了CMV是导致病害流行的主要病毒。在全省通过调整播栽期、筛选抗性品种、油乳剂、杀虫剂、消毒剂、化学抑制剂和薄膜覆盖等防治比较,着重探讨了利用光质拒蚜防病机理和影响因素,提出了以银膜(光解型)覆盖为主导,包括种子处理和全面春烟化的综合治理框架。经5万亩烟田试验,防治效果苗期为86—100％,成熟期为80％,平均亩产值提高40％以上。

A systematical study on occurrence,damage,virus types and con-trol techniques was carried out from 1981—1986.The results of the virusidentification of 552 virus-infected tobacco leaf samples showed thatthere existed four major types of virus in this province,namely CMV,TMV,PVY and PVX.Of them,the CMV was the most important inthe virus epidemics.Different measures,including regulation of sowingperiod,screening for resistant cultivars,application of interactionprotection,oil-emulasified agents,pesticides,disinfectants,chemicalinhibitors and silver plastic films(SPF) were compared in their controleffects the viruses.An integrated management consisted of SPF as amajor measurement,and seed treatment and all-round growing springtobacco was proposed.Implementations of this management on 50000mu tobacco fields resulted in control effect from 86—100% in seedlingstage,and above 80% in mature period,and in more than 40% yield-increase in average per mu.