4Baumann Robert, Ciavarra Taylor, Englehardt Bryan, et al. Sports Franchises, Events, and City Livability: An Examination of Spectator Sports and Crime Rates [J]. The Economic and Labour Relations Review : EL- RR,2012,23(2) : 83 -97.
5John R Madden. Economic and Fiscal Impacts of Mega Sporting Events : A General Equilibrium Assessment[ J]. Public Finance and Management, 2006, 6 ( 3 ) : 346 - 394.
6Matthew J. Burbank, Greg Andranovieh, Charles H. He- ying. Mega-events, Urban Development, and Public Poli- cy [ J ]. The Review of Policy Research, , 2002,19 ( 3 ) : 180 - 225.
7Chrysostomos Giannoulakis, David Stotlar, Dikaia Chatz- iefstathiou, "Olympic sponsorship : Evolution, Challenges and Impact on the Olympic Movement", International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, July, 2008.
8J. Lee, " Marketing and promotion of the Olympic Games", The Sport Journal,2005.