植物功能性状对全球气候变化的指示作用研究进展

Advance on Indicating Functions of Plant Functional Traits to Global Climate Changes

以大气CO2浓度升高、大气温度升高、干旱胁迫加剧及紫外辐射增强为特征的全球变化对陆地生态系统产生巨大影响,植物作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,其功能性状对全球变化的指示作用为探寻全球变化规律、减缓气候变化提供了科学依据。该文主要综述了植物生理功能性状改变(形态变化、气孔调节、光合结构及光合途径改变和植物光合、呼吸速率及水分生理变化等)和物候功能性状改变对全球变化的指示作用,以及植物群落物种丰富度或数量增加等群落特征变化对全球气候变暖的指示作用。最后指出,完善植物功能性状指标和建立从植物个体、群落到生态系统功能的网络指示系统是今后植物功能性状指示研究的发展方向。

The climate change has strongly impacted on terrestrial ecosystems,in which plants were an important composition.The indicating functions of plant functional traits to global climate changes provided the scientific basis of exploring changes rules and climate change mitigation.Plants adapted to global climate changes by adjusting their physiological and ecological structures and functions.Thus,plant physiological functional traits may be served as indicators to global climate changes,which included morphology(eg.specific leaf area,leaf size and internode of stem),stomatal regulation,photosynthetic structure and photosynthetic mode variation,and photosynthesis,respiration,and water situation.Plant phenological functional traits may also be in response to global changes and these processes can be served as indicators.Meanwhile,global warming may lead to changes in richness and quantity of community species,so these communities' characteristics can also be used as indicators.Therefore,the improvement of the plant functional traits and the establishment of network indicating system from individual plants,community to ecosystem function are the future direction of plant functional traits.