重庆市女性血浆游离脂肪酸组成谱及其与乳腺癌的相关性研究

Plasma free fatty acid composition of women living in Chongqing and its association with breast cancer risk

背景与目的:脂肪酸与乳腺癌的关系的研究已广泛开展,但流行病学研究的结果不尽相同。本研究旨在通过检测重庆市女性血浆游离脂肪酸组成,分析其与乳腺癌发生之间的相关性。方法:在重庆市开展乳腺癌的病例-对照研究,收集458位乳腺癌患者(绝经前期女性268例,绝经后期女性190例)和健康人群789例(绝经前462例,绝经后327例)。通过气相色谱法检测各组试验对象血浆游离脂肪酸的水平,使用SPSS 13.0软件比较各组血浆游离脂肪酸水平的差异,并分析不同脂肪酸暴露水平与乳腺癌发生风险的相关性。结果:绝经前、后女性血浆棕榈酸(C16:0)(OR=0.66和0.31)、总单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)(OR=0.59和0.39)及油酸(C18:1)n9(OR=0.54和0.42)水平升高显著降低乳腺癌的发病风险,而血浆总多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)(OR=2.12和2.32)、总n-6 PUFA(OR=1.46和3.24)、亚油酸(C18:2)(OR=1.63和2.35)水平高,以及高n-6/n-3 PUFA比(OR=1.73和2.64)则增加乳腺癌的发病风险。此外,绝经前女性血浆硬脂酸(C18:0)水平高也能增加乳腺癌的发病风险(OT=2.53,95%CI=1.21～4.82,P=0.006)。结论:重庆市女性乳腺癌患者的血浆游离脂肪酸组成有明显的改变,其中MUFA与乳腺癌的发生呈负相关,而n-6 PUFA和n-6/n-3 PUFA与乳腺癌的发生呈正相关,提示合理的膳食脂肪摄入可能降低乳腺癌的患病风险。

Background and purpose：There have been many researches focusing on the relationship between fatty acids and breast cancer.But the results of epidemiological studies are inconsistent.This study detected the plasma free fatty acid composition of women living in Chongqing,and further explored the relationship between plasma free fatty acid composition and the incidence of breast cancer.Methods：A case-control study was designed.A total of 458 newly incident and histologically confirmed cases of breast cancer and 789 healthy controls were enrolled. Gas chromatography was used to detect the plasma free fatty acid composition.Software SPSS 13.0 was applied to analyze the difference of fatty acid levels among different groups,and to evaluate the associations of breast cancer risk with plasma free fatty acid composition.Results：Plasma levels of C16：0（OR=0.66 and 0.31）,monounsaturated fatty acid（MUFA）（OR=0.59 and 0.39） and C18：1 n9（OR=0.54 and 0.42） were significantly negatively associated with the incidence of breast cancer,while high level of total polyunsaturated fatty acid（PUFA）（OR=2.12 and 2.32）,n-6 PUFA （OR=146 and 3.24）,C18：2（OR=1.63 and 2.35） and n-6/n-3 ratio（OR=1.73 and 2.64） were the risk factors of breast cancer both in pre- and post-menopausal women.High plasma level of C18：0（OR=2.53,95%CI：1.21-4.82,P=0.006） could significantly increase the incidence risk of breast cancer in pre-menopausal women.Conclusion：Significant difference between the plasma free fatty acid composition of breast cancer patients and that of control is found in Chongqing.Plasma level of MUFA is negatively associated with the incidence of breast cancer,while plasma levels of n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 PUFA are positively associated with breast cancer incidence,which suggests that a proper ratio of diet fatty acids intake may reduce the risk of breast cancer.