轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默氏病的磁共振成像研究进展

Current progress in magnetic resonance imaging of mild cognition impairment and Alzheimer′s disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)是以进行性痴呆为特征的神经退行性疾病。轻度认知障碍(mild cogni-tion impairment,MCI)是介于正常老化与痴呆之间的一种临床状态,能够进一步转化为AD。AD已经成为威胁老年人健康的主要疾病之一,目前迫切需要研究该病的发生发展过程以指导治疗。神经影像学方法如功能磁共振成像(function magneticresonance imaging,fMRI)、结构磁共振成像(structural MRI,sMRI),弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)等技术由于无创、高分辨率等优点正被广泛应用于MCI及AD的研究中,并逐步发展成为老年痴呆诊断的影像学标记,疗效评价及预后判断的指标。现就近年来AD和MCI的MRI研究进展进行综述。

Alzheimer′s disease（AD） is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive dementia.Mild cognition impairment（MCI） is a problem between aging and dementia,and is thought to be vulnerable to AD conversion,and AD has become one of the main diseases threatening the health of the elderly people.There is a pressing need to study the development of AD and MCI to improve their treatment.Neuroimaging techniques,such as function magnetic resonance imaging,structural resonance imaging,and diffusion tensor imaging,are widely used in the studies of AD and MCI because of their advantages of noninvasiveness and high resolution,and are becoming neuroimaging biomarkers for the early diagnosis,treatment response and prognosis of AD and MCI.