俄语布克奖与当代俄罗斯文学20年的历史演进

Russian Booker Prize and 20 Years' History of Contemporary Russian Literature

苏联解体后,俄罗斯文学制度发生根本性变化,文学评奖制度在当代俄罗斯文学发展进程中发挥重要作用。俄语布克奖是当代俄罗斯文学发展演进的一面透镜,它由西化转向本土,其中既反映了当代俄罗斯文学对民族历史的体认所经历的由否定到认同的嬗变过程,也表达了俄罗斯民族从离散走向聚合的精神历程。俄语布克奖小说的艺术风格色彩斑斓,其中既有复杂的思想内涵,也有多元的审美质素,这是专业人士、出版商、媒体和读者等多方力量参与评选活动的结果。俄语布克奖制度健全公正,使得文学创作与专业批评、读者消费和媒体传播等形成一种良性互动关系,由此促进文学活动的蓬勃发展。

Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union,the Russian literature system has experienced fundamental changes.The literature appraisal system plays a vital role in the development of contemporary Russian literature.Russian Booker Prize is a mirror of the development of contemporary Russian literature：it has switched from westernization to localization,which not only reflects the change of contemporary Russian literature in its attitude towards the national history from denial to acceptance,but also expresses the Russian nationality＇s spiritual process from separation to integration.The Russian Booker Prize winning novels,full of both complex ideological content and multi-dimensional esthetic nature,are varied in artistic style,which is the result of the prize discussions among the professionals,the publishers,the media and the audience.The Russian Booker Prize system is perfect and fair,which causes the sound interaction between literature creation and specialized criticism,and between reader consumption and media spreading.It promotes vigorous development of the literature activity.