小典故背后的文化沉思——从芭蕾舞剧《红罂粟》的命运谈起

The Cultural Meditation behind a Small Story——From the Fate of Ballet "Red Poppy"

1949年新中国代表团访苏时,斯大林指示莫斯科大剧院专为中方排演了芭蕾舞剧《红罂粟》,意在强调苏中友谊。不想由于其中的文化被相互误解,几乎导致一场政治风波。而半个多世纪之后,中苏两方不同的历史见证人在回忆录中却对这同一历史事件有着差异较大的回忆。本文拟以此差异为切入点,寻找回忆裂缝中显现出来的微妙的文化心理,对两国在20世纪50年代极为密切的外交关系表象之下的文化疏离进行沉思。"中苏蜜月期"间苏联文本中的中国形象,是政治的"兄弟"和文化的"他者"。

In 1949,Stalin instructed Bolshoi Theatre to rehearse the ballet named ＂Red Poppy＂ during the visit of the Chinese delegation,which was intended to emphasize the friendship between the Soviet Union and China.Unexpectedly,it almost led to a political storm because of the cultural misunderstanding.After half a century,different historical witnesses in the Soviet Union and China have quite different historical memories of the event in their memoirs.This paper focuses on the differences,looks for the subtle cultural psychology revealed in the memories,and meditates on cultural alienation beneath the surface of the very close diplomatic relations between the two countries in the 1950s.During the period of ＂Sino-Soviet Honeymoon＂,China＇s image in the text of the Soviet Union is a political ＂brother＂ and cultural ＂other＂.