民族文学的现代化即为“国民文学”——“国民文学”的形成与提倡

Modernization of Folk Literature as "National Literature":Formation and Advocacy

"国民文学"是在各个"民族文学"发展、融合、凝聚的基础上,在"国家"这一现代性民族共同体中所形成的新的文学形态。"国民文学"只能包括、凝聚,而不能替代和覆盖"民族文学","民族文学"的发展必然指向"国民文学"。当今世界各国,民族身份的现代化就是"国民化",传统"民族文学"的现代化就是"国民文学"。"民族文学"已经或正在被"国民文学"所吸收、所融汇,文学的"民族"分野日益模糊化,而文学的"国民"分野则日益明朗化。从"民族文学"发展到"国民文学",再发展到"区域文学",最后发展到"世界文学",是人类文学史横向发展的基本规律。因此,应顺应世界文化与世界文学的发展大势,强化"国民"及"国民文学"的观念与意识,促使"民族文学"向"国民文学"的进一步转化与凝聚。

＂National literature＂ is a new form of literature based on the advances, fusion, and coagulation of different ＂folk literatures＂ in modern national community of ＂nation＂. It can only embrace and coagulate but cannot replace or cover ＂folk literature＂, but the development of the latter will necessarily point to the former. In the contemporary world, the modernization of folk identity is to ＂nationalize＂, and the modernization of the traditional ＂folk literature＂ is towards ＂national literature＂. ＂Folk literature＂ has been, or is being, assimilated and reconciled by ＂national literature＂, and the differentiations of ＂folk literatures＂ are gradually blurred while its ＂nationality＂ distinctiveness is on the increase. Progression from ＂folk literature＂ to ＂national literature＂ to ＂regional literature＂ up to ＂world literature＂ is a fundamental Iaw of human literature development. It is therefore necessary to adapt to this general trend.