土家族祭祀祈禳与节日习俗之变迁

The Changes of Sacrifice and Prayer and Festival Customs of Tujia

土家族重淫祀、崇巫尚鬼,凡节日必祭祀祈禳。自十八世纪以来,土家族的祭祀祈禳活动经历了重大的变迁,在不同的时代,其内容和表达的方式有所不同,而与祭祀祈禳紧密联系的民族节日也随着时代的变革而变革,不断赋予其新的形式和新的内容,具有适应新的社会环境的新的功能。因此,对部分民族传统节日我们应该加以引导,使之能适应新时代的需要,为社会经济发展服务。

Tujia people think highly of illegal worship, witchcraft and ghost through praying and sacrificing in every festival. The sacrifice and prayer of Tujia people has been changing significantly since the 1980s. In different times the methods of expressions and contents are different. Meanwhile, the national festivals which interrelate with sacrifice and prayer tightly have been transforming with times. They have been given different forms and new contents in order to adapt the new social environment. Therefore, we should lead some national traditional festivals to adapt the needs of the new age for better economic and social development.