整合素在糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用研究进展

Current research on effect of integrin in diabetic retinopathy

整合素是一种存在于细胞膜上用以介导细胞与细胞、细胞与细胞外基质问相互作用的跨膜蛋白，其活化并与相应的配体结合后会引起大量细胞骨架蛋白和细胞内信号分子的功能和活性改变，与多种生长因子在受体水平相互作用，并在下游细胞信号转导通路中与其多处相交通，形成网状细胞信号转导体系，共同参与调控细胞的黏附、存活、生长、分化、增生和迁移等行为。糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）与生长因子以及由生长因子介导的血管内皮细胞增生、迁移以及新生血管形成有着密切关系。鉴于生长因子、生长因子受体与整合素间存在多种相互作用，整合素又与细胞迁移有着直接关系，未来整合素拮抗疗法可能会成为DR治疗的研究重点。就整合素的细胞信号转导通路、整合素与生长因子、整合素在DR中作用的研究进展进行综述。

Integrin is a kind of transmembrane protein which mediates the interaction between cells and cells,cells and extracellular matrix. When activated by the ligands,integrins modify and alter the activity and function of many cytoskeleton proteins and signal molecules. Integrins are able to cooperate with growth factor receptors in several steps at both cellular membrane and downstream signaling pathway and coadjust the adhesion, survival, growth, differentiation, proliferation and migration of the cells, constructing a network of intracellular signaling transduction system. Diabetic retinopathy （DR） has a close relationship with proliferation, migration and neovascularization of vascular endothelial cells driven by growth factors. Since the interaction among growth factors, growth factor receptors, cellular migration and integrins, the treatment of DR, in the future, may be shifted from a growth factor inhibition aspect to integrin inhibition pattern. The signaling pathway,relationship of integrin and growth factor,effect of integrin in DR were reviewed.