人类原始生殖细胞的起源、迁移、增殖及凋亡过程

The origin,migration,proliferation and diffrentiation of human primordial germ cell

人类原始生殖细胞(PGC)是人卵母细胞的祖细胞,是人类生存及繁衍后代的重要细胞。PGCs起源于性腺外,经迁移到达生殖嵴与体细胞共同组成生殖腺;之后,PGCs在性腺内经增殖、分化等一系列复杂的变化最终形成成熟的卵子。认识PGCs的起源、迁移、增殖、分化等过程对生殖医学具有重要意义。目前对禽类及小鼠PGCs的研究已取得深入进展,由于人PGCs不易获得,且受到伦理、道德及宗教方面的制约,有关人生殖细胞的研究进程较缓慢,对人PGC的起源及迁移过程等都不甚清楚,现就生殖细胞的起源、迁移、增殖及凋亡过程的研究进展作一概述。

Human primordial germ cells are progenitors of oocytes,and important sources of human survival and regeneration.The primordial germ cells originate from tissues out of gonad,and migrate to the primordial genital ridge.Then they experience a series of changes such as proliferation,differentiation,and become mature oocytes in the end.Currently some progresses have been made in avian and mouse,but for human primordial germ cells,their origin,migration,proliferation and differentiation are still obscure.Here we review the recent studies on human primordial germ cells about their origin,migration,proliferation and differentiation.