外源式扶贫的局限:对民族地区扶贫实践的反思

Limitation of the Foreign-oriented Poverty Reduction:Reflections on Poverty Reduction Practices in Ehnic Areas

基于实地调查,以内源发展观审视民族地区传统上的外源扶贫模式:传统扶贫实践中,官员主导,群众被看作受支配群体,致使社区发展的主体缺席;政府输入资源,偏重物质扶贫,缺乏技术支持,忽视群众发展能力的培育;对民族文化的价值存在认知偏误。其后果是,真正的主体在社区发展中处于边缘,群众的创造性以及社区的内在能量得不到激发,群众的自我发展能力和自信心无法获得提升,形成依赖心理,缺乏可持续动力,社会、文化、经济发展失调。

Based on field surveys,an analysis of external sources on the traditional model for poverty alleviation in ethnic areas within the source development was made.In traditional poverty reduction practices,officials led people who were seen as the dominant groups,resulting in the absence of the main body in community development.Government poured into resources,focusing on material poverty,but lacking of technical support,ignoring the masses in developing the talent,resulting in cognitive errors on value of national culture.The consequence is that real main body was put in the edges in the community development,and the creativity of the masses cannot be ignited and community＇s internal energy cannot be stimulated,and capacity of self-development and confidence of the masses could not be promoted,making people becoming dependent and lazy,lack of sustainable power,and thus social,cultural,and economic development becoming ill-balanced.