汉语印尼语语序中的顺序象似性和接近象似性对比

A Comparative Study on Sequencing Iconicity and Proximity Iconicity between Chinese and Indonesian

汉语和印尼语分别属于不同的语系,汉语属于汉藏语系,印尼语属于南岛语系,但它们的语序却存在着很多的相似性。顺序象似性使汉语和印尼语的语法单位的排列顺序与概念内容的时间顺序保持一致。汉语的修饰语一般位于中心语的前面,印尼语的修饰语一般位于中心语的后面。这种看似不同的排列顺序却遵循着同样的原则——接近原则。顺序象似性和接近象似性让我们较合理地解释了汉语和印尼语语序中的相同和不同点,也可以用来更有效地预测和解释留学生学习汉语时出现的偏误,并帮助我们找出合适的教学策略。

Though Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family and Indonesian belongs to the Austronesian family, they share many similarities in word order. Modifiers in Chinese are usually put before the headword while modifiers in Indonesian are often put after the headword. Sequencing iconicity helps make the grammar units in Chinese and in Indonesian consistent with the time sequence of the conceptual world. The seemingly different sequencing orders in fact follow the same principle, that is, proximity principle. Thus, sequencing iconicity and proximity iconicity can help explain the similarities and differences in their word order, correctly predict the possible deviations in foreign students＇ Chinese learning, and find the right teaching strategies.