江苏省娱乐场所女性性工作者艾滋病相关知识与危险行为的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the related knowledge and behavior on AIDS of the FSWs in Jiangsu province

目的:了解江苏省娱乐场所女性性工作者(female sex workers,FSWs)的艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syn-drome,AIDS)相关知识和危险行为情况,为预防和控制艾滋病、提高该人群安全套使用率提供更加有效的理论依据。方法:采用自行设计的匿名调查表随机对江苏省3个县级市867名娱乐场所FSWs进行问卷调查和访谈。结果:娱乐场所FSWs平均年龄(27.12±5.70)岁。文化程度大多为小学和初中,有男友同居和已婚者居多。对AIDS相关知识有一定了解,但不全面。最近1次与固定性伴、服务对象发生性行为时使用安全套的比例分别为57.0%和77.7%,差别有统计学意义(χ2=73.125,P=0.000),FSWs的服务对象对于使用安全套可以预防性病及艾滋病的传播意识不高。不同年龄段与固定性伴安全套使用率的差别没有统计学意义(χ2=2.753,P=0.431)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,年龄、户口所在地、有无固定性伴和对艾滋病预防措施的认知4个变量对最近一次性行为是否使用安全套的影响有显著意义。FSWs的艾滋病性病知识主要来源于电视(69.9%),其次为朋友(45.5%)。调查对象怀疑患有性病艾滋病后有85.9%的人选择在正规医院求医和治疗。结论:提高服务对象对预防措施的认知是提高安全套使用率的重要因素;FSWs与固定性伴之间安全套使用率较低,这会增加AIDS进一步传播的风险。应根据FSWs人群自身的受教育程度、生活习惯和行为特点加强健康教育和行为干预的针对性,在实践中尝试更灵活、有效的综合策略干预措施,控制AIDS的传播和蔓延。

Objective： To understand related knowledge and practical behavior of AIDS on the female sex workers（FSWs） in public amenities in Jiangsu province and provide a more effective theoretical basis for controlling the prevalence of AIDS and increasing the rate of condom use in FSWs.Methods： The trained interviewers randomly interviewed 867 entertainment FSWs and made the questionnaire survey with them in three cities of Jiangsu province using anonymous questionnaire designed by our group.Results： The average age of the entertainment FSWs was 27.12 years old.The respondents,most of whom received primary and secondary school education,are mostly married or having regular sexual partner.Entertainment FSWs have a certain but not comprehensive understanding of AIDS-related knowledge.The rate of condom use during the latest sexual intercourse with their regular sexual partners and customers was 57.0% and 77.7% respectively and the difference was statistically significant between fixed sexual partners and customers on rate of condom use（χ2 = 73.125,P = 0.000）,while the rate of condom use of the fixed sexual partners of different ages was not significantly different（χ2 = 2.753,P = 0.431）.This suggested that the customers didn＇t realize that the use of condom can prevent the spread of the sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS.Results of a Logistic regression analysis indicated that age,household location,regular sexual partners and the awareness of AIDS prevention measures were associated with condom use during the latest sexual intercourse.Knowledge related to STD/AIDS mostly came from television（69.9%）,followed by friends（45.5%）.When the respondents were suspicious of suffering from STD/AIDS,85.9% of them choose to seek medical treatment from public hospitals.Conclusion： Raising the awareness of preventive measures is an essential factor to increase the use of condom.The rate of condom use of their regular partners was low and this would lead to the further spread of AIDS.Further efforts should be made to strengthen their health education and behavioral intervention according to the characteristics of this group,such as the level of education,life habit and behavior characteristics.In practice,we can try to work more flexibly and use a more comprehensive strategy to control the prevalence of AIDS.