WTO争端解决机构的造法

Law-making in the WTO Dispute Settlement Body

WTO争端解决机构的造法是一个引人注目的现象。该机构之所以有能力造法,是因为它作为一个常设国际争端解决机构,可以增强成员方承诺的可靠性。这种特性赋予其一定的能量,可以独立于成员方追求自己的价值观。同时,WTO争端解决机构自身也通过机构建设和法律技术手段增强自己的造法能力。面对WTO争端解决机构的造法,成员方可以采取的有效反制手段包括:严格审查WTO争端解决机构的上诉机构成员人选、以第三方身份参与庭审、通过WTO总理事会及其下属的各种专门委员会表达意见、审慎执行WTO争端解决机构报告。中国应谨慎应对WTO争端解决机构通过造法对贸易自由化的推动,维护自己的利益。

Law-making in the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB )is a focus of international attention.Its ability to make laws lies in the fact that as a permanent international dispute settlement body , it can strengthen the credibility of members' commitments.The power with which it is endowed by virtue of this feature enables it to pursue its own values independent of WTO members to some extent.At the same time , the DSB also strengthens its law-making ability through institutional building and legal techniques.Effective counter-measures WTO members may take when confronted with DSB law-making include : rigorously screening candidates for membership of the appellate body of the DSB , participating in dispute settlement proceedings as third parties , expressing concerns through the WTO General Counciland its subsidiary special commissions , and implementing the DSB reports with care. China should be cautious in dealing with the DSB's promotion of trade liberalization through law-making in order to safeguard its own interests.