中国现代文学史的叙述范式

A Narrative Paradigm for the History of Modern Chinese Literature

长期以来,中国现代文学研究依托"新文学"、"近代/现代/当代文学"和"二十世纪中国文学"等文学史叙述概念加以展开,成就斐然,但也存在若干亟待反思的问题。其核心症结在于,这些概念和叙述方式都有意无意地脱离了特定的国家历史情态,从而成为一种抽象的"历史性质"的论证。今天,文学史应在更符合中国自己的历史情态的基础上叙述文学的史实,近年来学界提出的"民国文学史"的积极意义正在于此。不过,重要的不是概念的提出,而是我们需要通过新框架的研究揭示近现代以来中国文学独特的生成机制。研究在不同细节上展开的"文学机制",有别于我们过去所熟悉的社会历史批评,也不是对西方文化研究理论的简单移植。由此,中国现代文学发展中属于中国自身特征的一系列规律有望获得独立的挖掘,并最终形成中国自己的研究思路和方法。

Research on modern Chinese literature has long been conducted on the basis of concepts from literary history such as'new literature , ''modern/contemporary literature , 'and'Chinese literature of the twentieth century.' Despite its great achievements , this has resulted in some questions that urgently need reflection.What is crucial is that these concepts and narratives have been separated , intentionally or otherwise , from specific national and historical situations and have evolved into abstract arguments about'historical nature.'Today's literary history should develop a narrative based on China's own historical situation.It is in this sense that the proposal for the'literary history of the Republican era'is significant.What is important , however , is not the raising of concepts but the need for us to reveal the unique generative mechanism of Chinese literature in modern and contemporary times.Research into the details of'literary mechanisms'is different from the previous socio-historical criticism with which we are familiar , and is also not a simple transplantation of Western theories of cultural studies.In this way , a series of distinctive Chinese patterns in the development of modern Chinese literature is likely to be revealed independently , and China's own research approaches and methods may finally come into being.