明治时期日本的对华认识和政策的一个倾向——以亚洲主义者荒尾精的言行为中心

A Trend of Japanese Understanding of China and Its China Policy-making in the Meiji Period:Focusing on the Asianist Arao Sei

明治时期日本对中国的认识以及基于此的对华政策,奠定了整个近代日本对中国的认识和政策的基调。这种认识和政策并非从一开始就固定不变的,也并非自始至终都呈现为单轴的状态。各个不同的阶层和不同的利益群体都试图从各自的中国经验和中国观察以及各自的思想背景出发,对近代中国做出各自不同的阐释。就国际关系的社会思潮而言,在明治中期大致形成的既彼此乖离而又相互交错叠合的亚洲主义和"脱亚论"是最主要的两种主流意识或社会倾向。亚洲主义代表人物荒尾精的言行体现了明治时期日本人对中国的认识以及政策主张。

The Japanese understanding of China in the Meiji period and, based upon this understanding, its China policy, had set the tone for its understanding of China and its policy toward China throughout the whole history of modem Japan. Certainly, Japan＇s understanding and policy had not been completely fixed from the beginning, nor have they been monolithic all along. As a matter of fact, people of different strata and interests had all tried to make their own interpretations of modem China, drawing on their own backgrounds and their experiences and observations of China. When it comes to international relations, Asianism and de-Asianization, which came into being around the mid-Meiji period and were contradictory but also interrelated to each other, were the two mainstream opinions and social trends.