制度变迁的自然选择和暴力竞争:马克思与交易成本经济学的比较与综合

Natural Selection and Brute Competition on Institutional Change:Marxist Economics vs Transaction Cost Economics

较之那些直接以自然选择论作为制度变迁的逻辑基础的理论来说,交易成本经济学的逻辑基础则是一种弱式的、温和的选择主义。马克思的经济学则是以自然选择论作为制度变迁和阶级斗争的自然历史基础和自然科学根据,他的社会制度进化观包含渐进变革和激进革命两种观点。交易成本经济学的制度范式和马克思的制度范式之间存在着互补性,在未来经济学的制度主义大综合中,这为制度分析范式创新提供了条件。

Compared with the theory about institutional changes strongly based on natural selection,the natural selection in transaction cost economics is a kind of weak and temperate selectionlism.However,logically speaking,they are both contracdictory with the rationalistic presuppositions.The natural selection is the historical basis of nature and scientific foundation of institutional changes and class struggle in the Marxist economics.The social system evolution of Marxist economics includes two views：gradual evolution and radical evolution.The western institutional economics and system paradigm in Marxist economics are shown to complement each other.In the future,with the comprehensive institutional economics,every institutional school will be confronted with historical destiny of being surmounted.