句法启动研究的范式及其在语言理解中的争论

Syntactic Priming:Paradigm and Controversy in Language Comprehension

重复是一种非常重要的行为现象。在心理语言学领域,句法启动是重复的一种非常独特的表现形式,有助于推进研究者更好地理解语言是如何表征和加工的。在系统梳理文献的基础上,归纳了句法启动研究使用的句子类型,详细阐述了句法启动研究的实验范式,即句子复述-图片描述范式、句子补全范式、句子回忆范式和视觉情境眼动范式,指出了不同范式的优缺点;系统探讨了语言理解中句法启动研究的核心争论,即句子理解中的启动是策略的,语义的,还是句法的;如果存在句法启动效应,那么该效应是词汇驱动的,还是词汇独立的。最后,对语言理解中句法启动效应在未来研究中需解决的问题进行了展望。

Repetition is a central phenomenon of behavior.In the language sciences,a ubiquitous form of such repetition is syntactic priming,and researchers have made extensive use of it to better understand how language is represented and processed.This paper provides an overview of the sentence types and paradigms employed to investigate the nature of syntactic priming：sentence-retelling picture-describing paradigm,sentence-completion paradigm,sentence-recall paradigm and visual-world eye-movement paradigm.In addition to examining the strength and weakness of these paradigms,the paper also points out two current controversies regarding syntactic priming in language comprehension：1） whether priming in sentence comprehension is strategic,semantic or syntactic;2） whether syntactic priming in comprehension is lexically driven or lexically independent.Finally,the paper suggests possible avenues for future research in this field.