创业女性性别角色认定的特征及差异研究

Characteristics of Gender Role of Women Entrepreneurs

虽然男性的创业数量比女性高,但性别本身并不影响创业,真正影响创业的是个体的性别角色认定。对225名创业女性进行研究,发现创业女性的性别角色认定与普通女性有着显著的不同,女性化所占比例不到1/4,而男性化、双性化所占比例则超过50%。就性别角色认定的结构而言,创业女性拥有男性化特征竞争、力量、自治、进取及女性化的特征友好、共感、率真,并且在力量、自治、进取、友好及率真方面存在差异。

Although there are more men than women in business, but sex itself does not affect entrepreneurship. Real impact on entrepreneurship is the identification of gender roles. There were 225 female entrepreneurs in the sample of present study. The result shows that there are significant differences in gender role identification between women entrepreneurs and ordinary women： less than a quarter of the sample adopt feminine identity while over 50 percent show characteristics of androgyny and masculinity. On the details of the identification of women entrepreneurs, there is a mixture of different levels of masculine features, including competitiveness, strength, autonomy and enterprising, as well as feminine features, such as friendly, empathetie, truthfulness.