国内外生物航油研究现状

Status study of aviation biofuel at home and abroad

介绍了生物航油的特性、原料、生产方法及利用现状。用微藻生产生物航油是今后研究的主要方向,但微藻大规模培养、收集以及提取都存在问题,尚未工业化。植物油需要进行复杂的催化裂解处理,将高碳烷烃分解为低链烷烃;生物质可分解为合成气,然后以合成气为原料,利用费—托合成反应生产相当于煤油的航空代用燃料;热裂解利用生物质为原料,经快速热裂解生产液体产物,但整体产物中轻质烃的产率较低。

In this paper, the property, raw material, production method and utilization status of aviation biofuel was introduced.The research of aviation biofuel produced by algal would the major orientation in future, but there are some problems in the large-scale cultivation, collection and ex- traction processes of microalgae, not industrial yet. Vegetable oil need complicated catalytic pyrol- ysis,the heavy alkenes could be cracked into light alkenes. The biomass could be decomposed to synthesis gas. Then the synthesis gas was used as raw materials, and by Fischer-Tropsch reaction set） to produce the aviation substitute fuel equivalent to kerosene. The cellulosic biomass could produce liquids by fast pyrolysis processes. But the production rate of light alkene is low.