摘要
植物群落的演替,在组成和结构上体现为群落组份种的生长、死亡和依次更替的过程,这样,现阶段的群落组成和结构与群落演替阶段之间必然存在着一定的相互关系。本文通过对群落组份种的大小结构分析来确定群落的演替趋势。湖北、宜昌大老岭的桦、栎、栗为优势种的9个群落类型的大小结构分析表明:植物种群的大小结构有三种类型:(1)直线分布型;(2)负指数分布型;(3)钟形分布型。种群的大小结构分析是群落演替研究中一有效的方法。结果表明:在大老岭,亮叶桦是衰退种群,是一假先锋种,在以后几十年将被栎、栗的种群替代,并形成以栎、栗为优势种的顶极群落。
This paper is aimed to determine the forest successional trends based on the analysis of forest size structure in Dalao Ridge, Western Yichang, Hubei Province. The data were collected from nine community types. According to the observation in the field, the dominant species are Betula luminifera, Quercus glandulifera var. brevipeliolata, Quercus glandulifera var. glanduligera, Castanea henryi, Castanea seguinii, Carpinus fargesii.According to the size structure analysis, it is clearly that betula sp. is a 'pseudo-pioneer species' in the Ridge, and will be replaced by Quercus spp. and Castanea spp. in the future, The climax communities in the Ridge are Comm. Quercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolata. Comm. Quercus glandulifern var. glanduligera, comm. Castanea seguinii, respectively.In a word, the forest size structure analysis is an effective way to study the trend of vegetational succession.
关键词
群落演替
种群结构
Succession
Population stucture
Pseudo-pioneer species
