中国-喜马拉雅地区硬叶栎林的特点与分类

THE CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION OF OAK DURISILVAE IN THE HIMALAYAN REGION OF CHINA

本文对中国-喜马拉雅地区的硬叶栎林,研究了它的主要特点和分类系统。根据硬叶栎林地区各气象站气候图解的特点(“A”字形),认为硬叶栎林是夏雨区的硬叶林,它不同于世界上冬雨区的(“U”字形气候图解)硬叶林。根据硬叶栎林的植物区系和生态环境,它不属于亚热带的照叶林和地中海型的硬叶林,而是中国-喜马拉雅地区特有的夏雨硬叶林,在中国西部高山地区的阳坡上常为顶极群落。根据硬叶栎林的优势树种和海拔、气候、土壤及伴生树种,分为10个群系和两个群系组。

The present paper deals with the oak durisilvae in the Himalayan region of China, about its main characteristics and classified system.According to the characteristics of the A-shaped climatic diagrams of the meteorological stations in oak durisilvae region, the oak durisilvaeis regarded as the durisilvae of forests of the summer-rain region, which is different from the durisilvae of forests of the winter-rain region of U-shaped climatic diagrams of the world.According to the flora and ecological environment of the oak durisilvae, which is neither the subtropical laurisilvae nor the Mediterranean durisilvae, but is an endemic summer-rain durisilvae of the Himalayan region of China, and is often the climatic community of southern slopes in the alpine region of west China.According to the dominant tree-species and the altitude, climate, soil, and associated tree-species, the Chinese oak durisilvae is classified into ten formations and two formation groups. The classified system is as follows:Vegetation type: DurisilvaeFormation class: DurisilvaeFormation group: Subalpine oak durisilvaeFormation: Quercus aquifolioides forestQuercus pannosa forestQuercus gilliana forestQuercus longispica forestQuercus guayauaefolia forestFormation group: Mountain oak durisilvaeFormation: Quercus semecarpifolia forestQuercus pseudosemecarpifolia forestQuercus senescens forestQuercus cocciferoides forestQuercus franchetii forest