2009-2010年中医院医院感染病例分析及对策

Analysis of nosocomial infection cases in traditional Chinese medicine hospital from 2009 to 2010 and countermeasures

目的分析医院感染发生的原因及预防措施。方法采用回顾性及前瞻性调查方式,统计医院感染患者的病历资料。结果 2009年1月-2010年12月医院共收治23 013例住院患者,发生医院感染229例、626例次,医院感染发生率为1.00%,例次感染率2.72%;626例次医院感染患者中,共检出病原体602株,主要为革兰阴性菌,占46.51%,革兰阳性菌占9.80%,真菌占27.58%,病毒占15.62%;感染部位主要以下呼吸道为主,占53.35%,泌尿道占23.16%;23 013例患者中,使用抗菌药物用以预防和治疗的19 106例,使用率83.02%,使用皮质激素的342例,使用率1.49%,229例医院感染患者均使用了抗菌药物。结论分析发生医院感染的危险因素,加强监测、严格执行无菌操作、合理使用抗菌药物,保护易感人群。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the causes of infection in hospitals and find out the way to prevent infection. METHODS The clinical data of the patients with infection were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed. RESULTS The intake of our hospital was 23013 from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010.There were 229 cases of infection with an infection rate of 1.00%;the infection occurred 626 times,with an occurrence rate of 2.72%.Six hundred and two strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected.The major source of infection came from gram-negative bacteria（46.51%）,among which 21.6% were Acinetobacter baumannii.The main infection site was the lower respiratory tract,which happened in 334 cases（53.35%）,the urinary tract with 145 cases（23.16%）.Of the 23 013 patients,antibiotics were used in prevention and treatment in 19106 cases,with an utilization rate of 83.02%;cortical hormone was used in 342 cases,with an utilization rate of 1.49%. CONCLUSION After the analysis of the factors of infections in hospitals,strict monitoring,use of aseptic technique and antibacterial properly can help protect the susceptible population.