近10年农牧交错区生态环境变化分析——以内蒙古太仆寺旗为例

Ecosystem Change Analysis of Agriculture and Animal Husbandary Regions in Last Ten Years:A Case Study in Taipusi,Inner Mongolia

利用2000年和2009年2个时期的Landsat 5的4,3,2(RGB)波段合成影像的解译结果,分析研究区近10年的景观格局变化,并结合气象数据,探讨景观格局在气候背景下的演变规律,揭示生态环境变化与气候变化的关系。结果表明:10年来研究区林地和草地面积有所增加,但区域整体生态环境还是呈退化趋势,表现为水域及低湿地草甸的大量减少和低地盐化草甸的增加;在全球气候变暖背景下,研究区气温上升趋势明显,加上降水量季节分布不均,持续的干旱使生态环境变得更差,农牧业生产受到极大影响。基于分析结果,指出在气候变化背景下,应加强生态环境保护的力度,限制或取消引起生态退化的各种干扰因子,充分利用系统的自我修复功能,达到恢复和改善生态环境的目的,实现区域的可持续发展。

Based on the interpretation of composite imagery of band 4, 3, 2 of Landsat 5 in 2000 and 2009, analyzed, study area changes of the landscape pattern were analyzed. The landscape pattern evolution in the context of climate change was investigated combined with the meteorological data of 30 years to reveal the relationship between environment and climate change. Results showed that both forestland and grassland areas were increased over the past decade. However, the overall ecological environment of studied ar- ea degenerated reflecting in significant reduction of water and low wetland meadow as well as increased low salt meadow area. The temperatures of studied areas rise significantly under the background of global warming. The ecological environment became worse with uneven distribution of seasonal rainfall and persistent drought. Both agriculture and animal husbandry production were affected. Based on above analysis the following strategies were suggested to restore and improve the ecological environment, eventually realize the regional sustainable development in the context of climate change： strengthen ecological and environmental protection, limit or eliminate the interference factors of causing ecosystem degradation, make full use of the system self-healing capabilities.