中国地区夏季6～8月云水含量的垂直分布特征

Characteristics of Vertical Distributions of Cloud Water Contents over China during Summer

基于观测资料的夏季云水含量时空分布情况对于数值天气预报、气候预测以及人工影响天气试验都十分重要。本文利用CloudSat卫星资料,分析了2006～2008年中国地区夏季月平均云水含量的垂直和区域变化特征。结果显示,青藏高原地形以及东亚夏季风对月平均云含水量分布具有明显影响。中国中部纬度上对流层中层的月平均液态水含量比南部及北部的量值大。各月平均云液水含量垂直廓线存在两个不同高度上的峰值区,原因可能主要是受大尺度参数的控制,以及受到青藏高原和东亚季风环流的影响。平均冰水含量纬向垂直分布的高值区主要在对流层中上部。本文中所揭示的云水含量特征为天气和气候模式改进、人工影响天气及云—辐射相互作用提供了重要的基础信息。

The knowledge on measurement-based spatial-temporal distributions of summertime cloud water contents is greatly important for numerical weather prediction,climate projection,and weather modification experiment.By using the data provided by CloudSat,the study examines the vertical,geographic,and monthly variations of cloud water content over China during the summers of 2006-2008.Results show the significant influences of the Tibetan Plateau topography and East Asian summer monsoon on formation,vertical and geographic distributions of monthly average cloud water content.In the regions of central China（27°N-35°N）,monthly average liquid cloud water contents in the middle and upper layers of the tropospheric atmosphere are remarkably larger than those in southern and northern China regions.There are two peaks in the vertical profiles of monthly average liquid cloud water contents,which may result from combined effect of large-scale atmospheric parameter,the Tibetan Plateau topography and East Asian summer monsoon.The high values of monthly average ice water contents are mostly concentrated in the layer of 6-18 km above sea level,namely the upper tropospheric atmosphere.The revealed features of monthly average cloud water content can provide baseline information for the further researches on weather and climate models improvement,weather modification,and cloud-radiation-climate interaction.