代谢综合征在不同营养状况青少年学生中的患病情况及相关症状分析

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Adolescent Students with Different Nutritional Status in Chongqing and Analysis of Related Symptoms

目的探讨重庆市12～18岁青少年学生超重、肥胖情况及代谢综合征(MS)流行情况,为预防青少年肥胖及MS提供依据。方法选取重庆市699名12～18岁青少年学生,测量身高、体质量、腰围和血压,并检测血脂和血糖。按照中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐超重、肥胖体质指数(BMI)分类标准和美国国家胆固醇教育计划Ⅲ(NCEPⅢ)修订的儿童青少年MS诊断标准,观察不同体质量组MS及其相关症状流行情况。结果本组学生中,正常体质量组635例,超重组52例,肥胖组12例。除总胆固醇(TC)在不同体质量组学生间差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05),腰围、血压、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均数在不同体质量组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重组及肥胖组学生的腰围、血压及TG水平显著高于正常体质量组(P<0.05),HDL-C水平显著低于正常体质量组(P<0.05);且肥胖组学生腰围及TG水平又显著高于超重组(P<0.05)。除FPG、TG水平异常检出率在不同体质量组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,MS及其各组分异常检出率在不同体质量组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重组和肥胖组MS组分2项异常率显著高于正常体质量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MS组分≥3项异常率组间排序为肥胖组>超重组>正常体质量组,组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超重和肥胖青少年较正常体质量青少年存在明显的血压、血脂和血糖异常等MS表现,预防和控制儿童肥胖,减少MS的发生应引起社会、学校和家庭的高度重视。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight,obesity and metabolic syndrome（MS） among students aged 12~18 in Chongqing in order to provide evidence for prevention of obesity and MS.Methods 699 adolescents aged 12~18 were chosen in Chongqing.The height,body weight,waist circumference（WC） and blood pressure were measured,and serum lipids and fasting glucose were also measured.The prevalence of obesity and MS was assessed with WGOC and NCEPⅢ criteria respectively.Results Among the students,there were 635 in normal body weight group,52 in overweight group and 12 in obesity group.The differences of WC,blood pressure,TG and HDL-C between different body weight groups were statistically significant（P0.05）.But this was not the case for TC（P0.05）.WC,blood pressure and TG of overweight group and obesity group were significantly higher than those of the normal body weight group（P0.05）,while the level of HDL-C was significantly lower than that of the normal body weight group（P0.05）.The WC and TG of the obesity group were significantly higher than those of the overweight group（P0.05）.The detection rates of abnormality for FPG and TG between different body type groups showed no statistically significant difference（P0.05）,while the detection rates of MS and its components between different body type groups showed statistically significant difference（P0.05）.The detection rates of two items of MS components were significantly higher in overweight group and obesity group than in the normal body weight group（P0.05）.The ranking of detection rates of abnormality greater than or equal to three items of MS components was obesity group,overweight group and normal body weight group.There were statistically significant differences between any two groups of them（P0.05）.Conclusion Compared with normal-weight students,overweight and obese students have abnormal blood pressure,serum lipids and fasting glucose.Prevention and control of students′ obesity to reduce the incidence of MS should be paid close attention to.