潮州市区2010年4732名小学生健康体检结果分析

Situation analysis of health examination among 4 732 primary school students in Chaozhou city

目的了解潮州市区小学生的身体健康情况,为制订符合本市实际情况的小学生健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法根据卫生部《中小学生健康体检管理办法》的规定和要求,对潮州市区4732名小学生进行健康检查。结果学生体检项目的检出率依次为视力不良检出率(48.65%)、龋齿检出率(41.06%)、肥胖检出率(13.23%)、沙眼检出率(6.63%)、营养不良检出率(5.60%)。除龋齿外,其余4项学生身体检查项目的检出率不同性别差异有统计学意义,女生的视力低下率(51.41%)明显高于男生(46.19%,χ2=12.89,P<0.01),男生的肥胖率(17.13%)明显高于女生(8.85%,χ2=70.40,P<0.01),女生的沙眼感染率(7.94%)明显高于男生(5.47%,χ2=11.69,P<0.01),女生的营养不良率(6.38%)明显高于男生(4.91%,χ2=4.79,P<0.05);随着年龄的增加,学生视力低下患病率呈明显上升趋势(χ2=16.15,P<0.01),而龋齿患病率则呈下降趋势(χ2=18.17,P<0.01)。结论潮州市区小学生的健康检查结果不容乐观,相关部门应积极开展有效的健康教育与健康促进活动,倡导良好的健康习惯,以提高小学生的健康水平。

Objective Learning the physical health of elementary school students in Chaozhou, in order to provide scientific basis for the primary student health intervention measures that fit for the actual conditions of the city. Method 4 732 pupils of Chaohou city were taken physical examination according to the provisions and requirements of ＂primary and secondary school student healthy management approach＂ set by Ministry of Public Health. Results The detection rate of physical examination are poor eyesight （48.65%）, dental caries （41.06%）, obesity （13.23%）, trachoma （6.63%） and malnutrition （5.60%）. Except dental caries,there was significant difference in the detection rate of the rest 4 items of physical examination between male and female.The rate of poor eyesight in female was significantly higher than male（46.19%,χ2=12.89,P0.01）,obesity rate of male（17.13%） was higher than that of female（8.85%,χ2=70.40,P0.01）, the trachoma rate of female （7.94%） was significantly higher than that of male （5.47%,χ2=11.69,P0.01）, the malnutrition rate of female （6.38%） was significantly higher than that of male（4.91%,χ2=4.79,P0.05）. With the increasing of age,the trend of prevalence of poor eyesight shows increasing（χ2=16.15,P0.01）,while that of dental caries shows decreasing. Conclusions The results of physical examination in elementary schools was not good in Chaozhou city. The relevant departments should carry out effective health education,health promotion and promote good health habits actively so that to improve the students＇ health.