济南铁路辖区2006～2010年食(饮)具消毒效果分析

Tableware disinfection effects in areas under the Jinan Railroad Jurisdiction Area from 2006 to 2010

目的了解2006～2010年济南铁路辖区餐饮业食(饮)具卫生状况和消毒效果,减少传染病的发生和流行。方法根据GB 14934-94食(饮)具消毒卫生标准,随机抽取了消毒后准备使用的各类食(饮)具检测感官指标、理化指标、大肠菌群和致病菌,所得数据以SPSS 13.0统计软件卡方检验。结果 2006～2010年,济南铁路辖区10 623份食(饮)具合格率为96.55%,各年度食(饮)具合格率总体呈逐年上升趋势;第一季度、第4季度合格率高于第2季度、第3季度(χ2=38.60,P<0.01);幼儿园和餐车合格率高于宾馆、饭店和食堂(χ2=163.78,P<0.01);杯子、一次性餐具、其他小件食(饮)具的合格率高于盘、碗、菜盆(χ2=42.70,P<0.01)。结论 2006～2010年济南铁路辖区食(饮)具合格率较高,卫生监督、疾控部门以及食(饮)具所属单位在巩固已有成效的同时,要继续加强食(饮)具的卫生管理,重点加强对第2季度、第3季度尤其是使用频率较高、体积较大的食(饮)具的卫生监督、技术指导和管理,不断提高合格率。

Objective To determine the sanitary condition and disinfection effects in the Jinan Railroad Jurisdiction Area from 2006 to 2010,and to reduce the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases.Methods In compliance with GB 14934-94 hygienic standard for disinfection of dinner and drinking set,disinfected tableware was randomly chosen for an analysis of the sensory index,physicochemical index,colon bacilli and pathogenic bacteria.The data obtained was analyzed by Chi-square test with SPSS 13.0.Results Over the period from 2006 to 2010,a total of 10,623（96.55%） sets of tableware reached the standard.The pass rate tended to rise annually,with the 1st and 4th quarters higher than the rest（χ2=38.60,P0.01）.It was higher in kindergartens and dining cars than in hotels,restaurants and canteens（χ2=163.78,P0.01）.Cups,disposable dining set and other tableware of smaller size had a higher pass rate than plates,bowls and vegetable dishes（χ2=42.70,P0.01）.Conclusion During the period 2006-2010,the Jinan Railway Jurisdiction Area had a relatively high rate in dinner service hygiene.In order to further raise the pass rate,health organizations,centers for disease control（CDC） and departments concerned should maintain the achieved effects and lay more emphasis on hygiene supervision,technical guidance and administration of tableware,especially those of large size frequently used in the 2nd and 3rd quarters.