北京市药品“零差率”政策对农村慢性病病人的影响研究

Studying on the influence of policy of "Without Added Profit" for basic pharmaceuticals on patients with chronic diseases in rural Beijing

目的:了解北京市药品"零差率"政策对农村慢性病病人的影响。方法采用典型抽样方法,对274名"零差率"政策实施前后均在社区卫生服务机构就诊的慢性非传染性疾病患者进行问卷调查,同时对农村地区全科医生进行了定性访谈。结果药品"零差率"政策实施后,农村慢性病病人遵照医生要求按时到社区卫生服务中心就诊和规律服药情况均有改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),58.4%的患者认为每月药费支出降低,87.4%的农村慢性病病人认为"零差率"药品满足了治疗要求。结论北京市药品"零差率"政策降低了农村慢性病病人的医药费用负担,为农村慢性病病人的长期照顾管理提供了保障,但需进一步增加某些慢性病"零差率"药物品种、提高"零差率"药品质量、保证"零差率"药品供应及时。

Objective To study the influence of policy of ＂Without Added Profit＂ for basic pharmaceuticals on patients with chronic diseases in rural Beijing.Methods 274 cases of patients with chronic diseases were chosen with typical sampling and surveyed with questionnaire,who had been in medical treated in community health services centers before and after implementation of policy of ＂Without Added Profit＂ for basic pharmaceuticals.And general practitioners in rural Beijing were surveyed with qualitative interview.Results After the implementation of policy of ＂Without Added Profit＂ for basic pharmaceuticals,the status of patients seeing a doctor on time and regularly taking medicine had been significantly improved（P〈0.05）.58.4% of patients thought their expenditure on medicine had declined.87.4% of patients believed that ＂Without Added Profit＂ for basic pharmaceuticals had met their requirement of medical treatment.Conclusion The policy of ＂Without Added Profit＂ for basic pharmaceuticals had reduced the medical expenses for patients with chronic diseases in rural Beijing,and ensured long-term healthcare on them.But the policy should be further improved in some aspects,such as increasing categories,improving quality and supplying drugs timely.