高速电主轴瞬态温度场分析与测试

Analysis and Measurement on Transient Thermal Field of High Speed Motorized Spindle

研究数控机床主轴温度优化控制问题,高速电主轴系统热变形影响机床加工精度。由于高速电主轴是一个复杂的非线性系统,对温度优化控制较困难。为精确了解高速电主轴系统瞬态温度场分布,采用MSC.Marc软件接触热阻,以多体接触的方式,对电主轴系统不同转速工况下进行有限元仿真分析,并通过现场验证仿真结果。结果表明,系统温度场分布不均,冷却水将系统分成高、低温区域;定子温度随转速非线性变化,转速3000rpm以上温度增长较快。以分析和测量结果为基础,利用冷却水降温。根据定子发热量随转速的变化规律,实时进行控制。测试结果证明,对高速机床温度测量精度效果好,为设计提供了依据。

Thermal error of high speed motorized spindle is an important factor affecting the machining precision. High speed motorized spindle is a complex nonlinear system. Finite Element Analysis based on thermal contact resistance can find out the thermal field distribution of motorized spindle. FEA based on multi - body contact and thermal contact resistance software and autoptic experiment in different rev were implemented. The result indicated that thermal field of the system distributes asymmetrically. The system was divided into high and low temperature area by cooling water. Temperature of stator changed nonlinearly due to rev and temperature increases rapidly, when the rev surpassed 3000rpm. According to measurement and analysis results, it was concluded that cooling water is an important factor, which affects thermal field of the system. Law of stator temperature variation figures out high - speed machine tools requires more reasonable thermal structure instead of simple upgrade of traditional machine tools.