三个月综合性锻炼对老年女性步态的影响

Effect of a 3-Month Combined Exercise Intervention on Gait in Community-Dwelling Elderly Women

目的:观察3个月综合锻炼对社区老年人步态的影响。方法:研究对象为自愿参加本次测试的控江社区60～80岁老年女性16名。志愿者参加每周3次、每次1.5小时、为期3个月的针对性综合锻炼干预,步态指标由VI-CON系统与KISTLER测力台进行数据同步采集,并使用VISUAL3D软件进行分析。结果:经过运动干预后,志愿者步态指标发生显著变化,表现为步长增加(0.54±0.07m VS 0.60±0.06 m,P<0.01)、步速加快(1.10±0.18 VS1.29±0.22 m/s,P<0.01)、双支撑时相缩短(24.10%±5.10%VS 21.08%±3.99%,P<0.01)、步态各周期中髋、膝、踝关节活动幅显著加大。结论:简易的综合性锻炼计划对老年人步态有显著的改善效果,建议可作为预防老年人跌倒的运动干预手段。

AThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 3-month combined exercise intervention on gait in community-dwelling etderly women. Methods Sixteen participants （60 -80 years old） attended for 1.5-hour combined exercise sessions three times a week for three months. Gait parameters data were collected using a 3D motional analysis system （Vicon system） and a force platform （Kistler）, and analysed using the VISUAL3D software. Results Results showed that after 3 months of combined exercise, the stride length （1.10±0.18VS1.29±0.22m/s,P〈0.01 ）and velocity （24.10%±5.10%VS21.08%±3.99%,P〈0.01 ） increased significantly,while the amount of time spent in the double support phase decreased significantly （24. 10 % _＋ 5. 10% VS21.08 % -＋ 3.99 %, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Hip and ankle dynamic range of motion （ROM） increased significantly （P 〈 0. 05 ） after exercise intervention. The ankle plantar-flexion joint angle at the phase of heel-contact decreased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, while the joint angle of knee flexion and ankle dorsi-flexion at the phase of mid-swing increased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ） following exercise intervention. The results suggest that the 3-month combined exercise intervention program could be an effective approach to reduce the risk factors for falls in community- dwelling elderly people by modifying their gait.