野生和人工养殖胭脂鱼肌肉营养成分的比较

Comparison of nutrient components in muscle of wild and farmed groups of Myxocyprinus asiaticus

对野生(体重(447.5±20.5)g)及人工养殖((484.3±19.6)g)的胭脂鱼(Myxocyprinus asiaticus)肌肉营养成分进行了分析比较。结果表明:野生胭脂鱼肌肉中水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白含量均显著高于人工养殖胭脂鱼(P<0.05),而含肉率和粗脂肪含量却显著低于人工养殖胭脂鱼(P<0.05)。野生和人工养殖胭脂鱼的氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有17种氨基酸(色氨酸未测),必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为70.39和67.02。根据氨基酸分(AAS),胭脂鱼的第一限制性氨基酸为Val;根据化学分(CS),胭脂鱼的第一限制性氨基酸为Met+Cys。野生胭脂鱼的ΣSFA(44.23%)显著高于人工养殖胭脂鱼(31.07%),而ΣMUFA(32.07%)却显著低于人工养殖胭脂鱼(49.50%),ΣPUFA的差异则不显著,分别为23.65%和23.11%。

The nutrient components in muscles of wild and farmed groups of Myxocyprinus asiaticus were compared.The results showed that the moisture,crude protein and crude ash contents in the muscle of the wild M.asiaticus were significantly higher than that of the farmed M.asiaticus（P0.05）,while the flesh content and crude fat content in the muscle of wild M.asiaticus were significantly lower than that of farmed M.asiaticus（P0.05）.The amino compositions of the two groups are in substantial agreement,including 17 kinds of amino acids（tryptophan was not measured）.The essential amino acids index（EAAI） in the muscle of wild and farmed M.asiaticus was 70.39 and 67.02,respectively.According to AAS,the first limited amino acid is Val,while the CS standard was（Met＋Cys）.The percentage of SFA,MUFA and PUFA in the fatty acids of between the wild and the farmed stocks were 44.23%,31.07%;32.07%,49.50%;23.65%,23.11% respectively.It was clear that the amount of SFA in the muscle of wild M.asiaticus was significantly higher than that of the farmed M.asiaticus（P0.05）.While the amount of MUFA in the muscle of wild M.asiaticus was significantly lower than that of the farmed M.asiaticus（P0.05）.The amount of PUFA in the muscle of wild M.asiaticus showed no significant difference than that of the farmed M.asiaticus（P0.05）.