冬小麦品种高低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的分子标记检测

Characterization of High-and Low-Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Chinese Winter Wheat Varieties Using Molecular Markers

为了通过育种手段尽快改良小麦加工品质,利用Dx5、By8、By9、By16、Glu-A3、Glu-B3和1B.1R的特异性分子标记对221份中国冬小麦品种(系)进行HMW-GS、LMW-GS基因的等位变异及1B.1R易位系检测,结果表明:(1)在所检测的小麦品种(系)中,含Dx5、By8、By9的材料依次为58、79、119份,频率依次为26.2%、35.7%、53.8%;未检测到含By16的材料。(2)在所检测的小麦品种(系)中,Glu-A3位点上,含Glu-A3a、Glu-A3b、Glu-A3c、Glu-A3d的材料依次为30、1、111、79份,频率依次为13.6%、0.5%、50.2%、35.7%;未检测到携带Glu-A3e、Glu-A3f、Glu-A3g的材料;Glu-B3位点上,含Glu-B3d、Glu-B3g、Glu-B3f、Glu-B3h的材料较多,依次为64、47、18、11份,频率依次为29.0%、21.3%、8.1%、5.0%,含Glu-B3a、Glu-B3b、Glu-B3c、Glu-B3i的材料很少,依次为1、3、2、4份,频率依次为0.5%、1.4%、0.9%、1.8%;含1B.1R易位系的材料(即Glu-B3j类型)71份,频率为32.1%;未检测到含Glu-B3e的材料。(3)在所检测的小麦品种(系)中含最优亚基组合By8、Dx5、GluA3d、GluB3d的材料只有2份,频率为0.9%,说明聚合多个优良基因的小麦品质改良工作急需加强。

High-and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits（HMW-GS and LMW-GS） and 1B·1R translocation highly affect the processing quality of wheat-based products.Using gene-specific molecular markers for Dx5,By8,By9,By16,Glu-A3,Glu-B3 and 1B·1R,HMW-GS,LMW-GS and 1Bo1R translocation of 221 Chinese wheat varieties（lines） were characterized,and the results showed that：（1） 58 varieties had Dx5,with a frequency of 26.2%;79 possessed By8,with a frequency of 35.7%;119 carried By9,with a frequency of 53.8%;and By16 was not detected in the varieties.（2） at Glu-A3 locus,30 varieties contained Glu-A3a,with a frequency of 13.6%;Glu-A3b was present in 1 variety,with a frequency of 0.5%;111 varieties had Glu-A3c,with a frequency of 50.2%;Glu-A3d was found in 79 varieties,with a frequency of 35.7%;and Glu-A3e,Glu-A3f,Glu-A3g were not detected in the varieties.At Glu-B3 locus,Glu-B3a was detected in 1 variety,with a frequency of 0.5%;3 varieties contained Glu-B3b,with a frequency of 1.4%;Glu-B3c was found in 2 varieties,with a frequency of 0.9%;64 varieties possessed Glu-B3d,with a frequency of 29.0%;Glu-B3f was present in 18 varieties,with a frequency of 8.1%;47 varieties had Glu-B3g,with a frequency of 21.3%;Glu-B3h was identified in 11 varieties,with a frequency of 5.0%;4 varieties had Glu-B3i,with a frequency of 1.8%;Glu-B3e was not found in the varieties;71 wheat varieties（lines） possessed 1B·1R translocation,i.e.Glu-B3j,with a frequency of 32.1%.（3） Two wheat varieties（lines） had the best subunit combination of By8,Dx5,Glu-A3d and Glu-B3d,with a frequency of 0.9%.Pyramiding a number of good genes in wheat quality improvement needs to be enhanced.Markers used in the present study are gene-specific functional markers,with good repeatability and high accuracy,and they can be applied to wheat quality improvement for molecular marker-assisted selection.