腐皮镰孢菌麻疯树专化型的生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of Fusarium solani causing root rot of Jatropha curcas L.

麻疯树腐皮镰孢菌（Fusarium solani）是麻疯树根腐病的主要病原菌,对其生物学特性进行研究,结果表明：病原菌最适生长温度为28~34℃,此温度范围内的产孢量及孢子萌发率均较高,其中32℃为最适宜温度;空气相对湿度90%以上、特别是达到100%时最有利于病菌生长、孢子萌发及产孢活动,在水滴状态下其孢子萌发率可以更高;菌丝生长及孢子萌发需要一定的光照条件,其中光-暗交替更为有利,但在全黑条件下其产孢量最高,表明夜晚是其产孢的主要时期;pH值为5~12时病菌均能萌发和生长、产孢,表明病菌具有较宽的且偏向于碱性的pH适应范围,其中最适宜范围为pH值6~9;氮、磷、碳均是其重要的营养源,其中最适合其利用的氮、碳、磷源分别为硝态氮（KNO3）、甘露醇、K2HPO4。

Fusarium solani is the main causal agent of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L,and its biological characteristics were studied in this paper.The results showed as follows： the most suitable temperatures for pathogen development were 28~34℃,among which 32℃ was optimal.When relative humility was above 90%,especially in the condition of 100%,the pathogen showed the best growth performance,and when water condition occurred,the spore germination rate was the highest.Light was necessary for pathogen development in terms of mycelium growth and spore germination,while dark condition was more suitable for sporulation,the pathogen was adapted to a wide range of pH（5~12）,with pH 6~9 were more suitable.N,P,C were all of the important nutrient resources for pathogen development,and their most effective forms were KNO3,C6H4O6（Mannitol）,K2HPO4,respectively.