利用废弃烟叶栽培糙皮侧耳初探

Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus Using Waste Tobacco Leaf Residues

以棉籽壳培养料为对照,测定了烟叶渣培养料中糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)的菌丝满袋时间及子实体中氨基酸、无机盐、重金属和烟碱的含量。结果表明,当配方为79%烟叶渣、10%谷壳、10%麸皮,辅料添加量为1%(其中石膏∶碳酸钙∶过磷酸钙=2∶2∶1)时,糙皮侧耳的采收时间比棉籽壳组缩短了3d,且子实体中有15种氨基酸的含量高于棉籽壳组,重金属汞、铅、镉、砷的含量均符合《中华人民共和国农业部行业标准》(绿色食品食用菌NY/T 749-2003),烟碱含量<7.8mg/kg。

Media prepared with waste tobacco leaf residues or cotton seed hulls were used to cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus,and the time required for complete substrate colonization,and levels of amino acids,inorganic elements,heavy metals and nicotine in mushroom fruit bodies were determined.The time from inoculation to harvesting was three days shorter,and the levels of 15 amino acids were higher,in fruit bodies grown on a substrate containing 79% waste tobacco leaf residues,10% rice chaff,10% wheat bran and 1% of a mixture containing gypsum,calcium carbonate and calcium superphosphate in a 2∶2∶1 ratio,compared with corresponding values obtained using a cotton seed hulls medium.Levels of Hg,Pb,Cd and As complied with the national standard（Green food-Edible mushroom NY/T 749-2003）,and the nicotine content was 〈7.8 mg/kg and therefore considered to be non-hazardous to human health.