孙中山式共和国蓝图另观——一个语境化的视角

A Fresh Look at Sun Yat-sen's Conception of the Republic in the Contextualized Perspective

孙中山对新国家的构想,是一个建立在"五权宪法"之上的民主共和国。过往对孙中山这一建国蓝图的评价,存在"标签化"的现象。本文试图回到孙中山关于建国的构想论著的文本中去,通过分析证明,孙中山的共和国蓝图,不仅是一个有意识的中西结合的产物,也是一个混合语境影响下无意识的中西交织的成品。其中既包含了西方的精英主义意识与民主主义,又不自觉的带有中国传统的圣人之治的情节与民本主义。亦是这种中西交织的背景,使得孙中山和民众之间出现难以直接对话的鸿沟,导致其生前对蓝图的成功实践的阙如。

Sun Yat-sen＇s conception of the new-born country is a democratic republic based on the theory of the Constitution of Five Powers,the former attitude towards which is always ＂labeled＂.By returning to the texture,the thesis tries to illustrate that the conception is an outcome unconsciously influenced by the compound background of the western and Chinese traditional culture,rather than a consciously result of the conceiver.The conception includes not only the elitism and democratism from the western culture,but also the hagiarchy and people-oriented theory rooted in Chinese tradition.It is because of the complex background that Sun Yat-sen encountered a failure of the communication between himself and the people he led in the revolution,which leads to the failure of the practice of his conception.