西周金文形容词的系统性

Systematicness of the Adjectives of the Inscriptions on Bronzes of Western-Zhou Dynasty

对西周金文形容词的词义系统进行研究,发现西周金文形容词不是孤立存在的,而是相互联系的。词义上的相互联系使西周金文形容词形成一个系统,其系统性主要体现在同义词、反义词和类义词的聚合关系上。从甲骨文到西周金文同义词和反义词的聚合关系是不完全相同的,这说明词语的变化不仅是单个的词的变化,也是词语聚合关系的变化,从一个共时的词汇系统到另一个共时的词汇系统,词语的聚合关系进行了相应的调整。西周金文形容词中同义词、反义词和类义词的聚合关系有的一直在语言系统中传承,直到现代汉语词汇系统中仍然存在。

The adjectives of inscriptions on Bronzes in Western-Zhou Dynasty related each other,and formed a system of sense.Synonym,antonym and similar words in semantics embody the systematicness of the adjectives of inscriptions in Western-Zhou Dynasty.The polymerization of synonym and antonym words of the inscriptions on bronzes is different from that of the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells in the Shang Dynasty,which indicates that not only a single word changes but the polymerization of words also changes.Some synonym,antonym and similar words in semantics of the adjectives of inscriptions in Western-Zhou Dynasty are retained in contemporary Chinese words.