钨和铅作为γ射线屏蔽材料的性能对比研究

Comparative Study of Tungsten and Lead as Gamma Ray Shielding Material

首先通过对钨和铅的物理特性、价格、环保等方面特性进行了对比.当光子的能量为0.1、0.2、0.51、和1.25 MeV时,通过理论计算得出钨镍合金和铅在γ射线衰减10倍的情况下,分别所需两种物质的厚度,并作出对比图,其中钨镍合金是一种含钨量超过90%的钨基高比重合金,它是钨在工程应用中的主要存在形式.最后基于MCNP程序建立了常用的屏蔽模型,模拟计算结果显示理论计算的厚度都能够实现有效屏蔽.结果表明:钨作为新型的屏蔽材料具有很多的优势,对γ射线的屏蔽能力远高于铅.

This article firstly compares the tungsten and leads physical properties,price and environmental performance,then calculates the thickness of tungsten and lead with the gamma ray 10% transmission when the photon energy are 0.1 MeV,0.2 MeV,0.5,1 MeV and 1.25 MeV,and makes a comparison chart.Finally,it establishes a commonly used shielding model,through which to validate whether the thickness of theoretical calculation can achieve an effective shielding effect by MCNP program.The results showes that tungsten as a new type of shielding material has a lot of advantages,which shielding ability is far higher than the lead.Thus it provides the reference to choose the suitable shielding ma-terials in special occasions.